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Richard Theodore Tarnas (born February 21, 1950) is a cultural historian known for his books ''The Passion of the Western Mind: Understanding the Ideas That Have Shaped Our World View'' and ''Cosmos and Psyche: Intimations of a New World View''. Tarnas is professor of philosophy and psychology at the California Institute of Integral Studies, and is the founding director of its graduate program in Philosophy, Cosmology, and Consciousness. ==Biography== Tarnas was born on February 21, 1950 in Geneva, Switzerland, of American parents. His father, also named Richard Tarnas, worked as a government contract attorney, former president of the Michigan Federal Bar Association, and professor of law. His mother, Mary Louise, was a teacher and homemaker. The eldest of eight children, he grew up in Detroit, Michigan, where he studied Greek, Latin, and the Classics at the University of Detroit Jesuit High School and Academy. In 1968 Tarnas entered Harvard, graduating with an A.B. ''cum laude'' in 1972. He received his Ph.D. from Saybrook Institute in 1976 with a thesis on psychedelic therapy.〔''LSD psychotherapy, theoretical implications for the study of psychology'', 1976 (worldcat.org )〕〔(ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Citation/Abstract )〕 In 1974 Tarnas went to Esalen in California to study psychotherapy with Stanislav Grof.〔Stanislav Grof, ''When The Impossible Happens'', 337〕 From 1974 to 1984 he lived and worked at Esalen Institute in Big Sur, California, teaching and studying with Grof, Joseph Campbell, Gregory Bateson, Huston Smith, Elizabeth Kübler-Ross, and James Hillman. He also served as Esalen's director of programs and education.〔Jeffrey Kripal, ''Esalen: America and the religion of no religion'', 265, 378 University of Chicago Press, 2007 ISBN 0-226-45369-3, ISBN 978-0-226-45369-9〕 Jeffrey Kripal characterizes Tarnas as both the literal and figurative gate-keeper of Esalen.〔Jeffrey Kripal, ''Esalen: America and the religion of no religion'', 378 University of Chicago Press, 2007 ISBN 0-226-45369-3, ISBN 978-0-226-45369-9〕 From 1980 to 1990, Tarnas wrote ''The Passion of the Western Mind: Understanding the Ideas That Have Shaped Our World View'', a narrative history of Western thought which became a bestseller and remained in use in universities .〔 () 〕〔 〕 ''Passion'' was highly acclaimed by Joseph Campbell, Huston Smith, Stanislav Grof, John E. Mack, Stanley Krippner, Georg Feuerstein, David Steindl-Rast, John Sculley, Robert A. McDermott, Jeffrey Hart, Gary Lachman, and others. Tarnas is the founding director of the Philosophy, Cosmology, and Consciousness program at the California Institute of Integral Studies (CIIS), where he remains a core faculty member .〔 〕 Tarnas' second book, ''Prometheus the Awakener'', published in 1995, focuses on the astrological properties of the planet Uranus, describing "the uncanny way astrological patterns appear to coincide with events or destiny patterns in the lives of both individuals and societies".〔(Ray Grasse, untitled book review, ''Quest'' Winter 1995 )〕 Tarnas suggests that the characteristics associated with the mythological figure Uranus do not match the astrological properties of the planet Uranus, and that a more appropriate identification would involve the mythological figure Prometheus. In 2006, Tarnas published his third book, ''Cosmos and Psyche: Intimations of a New World View''. It claims that the major events of Western cultural history correlate consistently and meaningfully with the observed angular positions of the planets.〔Sean Kelly, ''Coming Home'' () SteinerBooks〕 The book received favorable reviews in ''Tikkun'' magazine,〔"Towards a Meaningful Universe", ''Tikkun (magazine)'', May–June 2007, p. 75.〕 in an anthroposophical journal,〔Frederick J. Dennehy, "The Disenchantment of the Modern Universe and the Tale of Two Suitors" (lilipoh.com ) Lilipoh #44 - Summer 2006〕 and in the web magazine ''Reality Sandwich'',〔Daniel Pinchbeck, "(Psyching Out The Cosmos )" 20 May 2007〕 but was panned in the ''Wall Street Journal''.〔 〕 Tarnas featured in the 2006 film ''Entheogen: Awakening the Divine Within'', a documentary about rediscovering an enchanted cosmos in the modern world. In 2007 a group of fifty scholars and researchers in the San Francisco Bay Area formed the Archetypal Research Collective for pursuing research in archetypal cosmology. An online journal, ''Archai: The Journal of Archetypal Cosmology'', edited by Keiron LeGrice and Rod O'Neal, began a year later, based on the research orientation and methodology established in ''Cosmos and Psyche''.〔(Archai: The Journal of Archetypal Cosmology )〕 Advisory-board members include Christopher Bache, Jorge Ferrer, Stanislav Grof, Robert A. McDermott, Ralph Metzner, and Brian Swimme. Contributors have included Keiron Le Grice, Richard Tarnas, Stanislav Grof, and Rod O'Neal. In 2008 Tarnas was invited to address members of the Dutch Parliament about creating a sustainable society.〔Alice Klein, "The Intelligent Universe: Is nature trying to change our minds?"(nowtoronto.com ) ''Now Magazine''〕 In 2007 John Cleese and Tarnas gave some public lectures together at Esalen and in Santa Barbara. The lectures discussed regaining a connection to the sacred in the modern world.〔Zack Lynch, Byron Laursen, ''The Neuro Revolution: How Brain Science Is Changing Our World'' 137 (google.com )〕 Cleese and Tarnas then taught a seminar at CIIS called "The Comic Genius: A Multidisciplinary Approach".〔 CIIS Staff, ("And Now For Something Completely Different" ) Spring 2009 ''CIIS Today'' 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Richard Tarnas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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